Vildagliptin enhances differentiation of insulin producing cells from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Objective: Type 1 diabetes is caused by destruction of beta cells of pancreas. Vildagliptin [VG], a dipeptidyl peptidase IV [DPP IV] inhibitor, is an anti-diabetic drug, which increases beta cell mass. In the present study, the effects of VG on generation of insulin-producing cells [IPCs] from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells [ASCs] is investigated

Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, ASCs were isolated and after characterization were exposed to differentiation media with or without VG. The presence of IPCs was confirmed by morphological analysis and gene expression [Pdx-1, Glut-2 and Insulin]. Newport Green staining was used to determine insulin-positive cells. Insulin secretion under different concentrations of glucose was measured using radioimmunoassay method

Results: In the presence of VG the morphology of differentiated cells was similar to the pancreatic islet cells. Expression of Pdx-1, Glut-2 and Insulin genes in VG-treated cells was significantly higher than the cells exposed to induction media only. Insulin release from VG-treated ASCs showed a nearly 3.6 fold [P<0.05] increase when exposed to a highglucose medium in comparison to untreated ASCs. The percentage of insulin-positive cells in the VG-treated cells was approximately 2.9-fold higher than the untreated ASCs

Conclusion: The present study has demonstrated that VG elevates differentiation of ASCs into IPCs. Improvement of this protocol may be used in cell therapy in diabetic patients

Effect of dexamethasone, insulin and egf on the myogenic potential on human endometrial stem cell

Human endometrium contains mesenchymal stem cells [eMSC] which have the ability to differentiate into three cell lineages and the potential in therapeutic applications. We hypothesize that using environmental induction in culture media such as dexamethasone. human recombinant insulin and human epidermal growth factor [hEGF] can differentiate endometrial stem cells into myoblast. These agents have a broad range of effects in myoblast differentiation in-vitro. We used immunohystochemistry analysis and RT -PCR to evaluate the presence of skeletal muscle - specific proteins some of which are expressed in the early stage of differentiation including myoD and Desmin which expressed at later stages of differentiation. In conclusion eMSC can differentiate in culture media which contains above mentioned factors and use for therapeutic purpose in muscular degenerative disease

Derivation of adipocytes from human endometrial stem cells [EnSCs]

Due to increasing clinical demand for adipose tissue, a suitable cell for reconstructive adipose tissue constructs is needed. In this study, we investigated the ability of Human Endometrial-derived stem cells [EnSCs] as a new source of mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into adipocytes. EnSCs are the abundant and easy available source with no immunological response, for cell replacement therapy. Single-cell suspensions of EnSCs were obtained from endometrial tissues from 10 women experiencing normal menstrual cycles, and were cultured at clonal density [10 cells/cm[2]] or limiting dilution. Endometrial mesenchymal stem cell markers were examined flow cytometry. These cells were treated with adipogenicinducing medium for 28 days. The adipogenic differentiation of the EnSC was assessed by cellular morphology and further confirmed by Oil Red O staining and RTPCR. The BM-MSC differentiated into adipocytes in the presence of adipogenic stimuli for 3 weeks. The flow cytometric analysis showed that the cells were positive for CD90, CD105, CD146 and were negative for CD31, CD34.We showed that the key adipocytes marker PPARa was expressed in mRNA level after 28 days post treatment [PT]. According to our finding, it can be concluded that EnSCs represent a useful in vitro model for human adipogenesis, and provide opportunities to study the stages prior to commitment to the adipocyte lineage

effect of epinephrine on hair loss in male adult rat

In addition to genetic and hormonal effect, various environmental influence on hair growth. For instance, stress can release epinephrine in the blood circulation, and epinephrine can effect on various tissues, especially on skin and hair tissue. Many investigators try to find effective drugs for the hair growth. Because most of these drugs are vasodilator agents, we design present study to determine the local effects of epinephrine administration as a vasoconstrictor agent on growth of hair. In this experimental study, 45 Wistar male Rats were divided in three groups, which taking 1.5 ml/kg epinephrine, 1ml/kg epinephrine two times/daily for two months and control group which reciving normal salin with same valume for two months respectively. Following observing the macroscopically findings and segregation of the skin, the slide were prepared and the number of hair follicles were examinated. The epinephrine causes degeneration of hair folicule, sebasus gland, and decreasing number of hair folicule in comping with control group [P<0.05]. This study showed that the subcutaneous adminstration of epinephrine cause the hair lesions, and this significantly is related directly with the dosage of epinephrine